Soil Salinity Reasons and Treatment?

If the concentration of harmful salts in the root zone of a plant increases to such an extent that plant growth is effected, this situation is called Salinity. Salinity is the measure of all the salts dissolved in water. Salinity is usually measured in parts per thousand (ppt or % ). The average ocean salinity … Read more

Water Lodging, What it is? and How to prevent and Control it?

If water table rise to such a level through capillary action to the surface & root zone, that it cannot conveniently permit an anticipated activity this situation is called Water Lodging.   Water Lodging, What it is? and How to prevent and Control it? Water lodging means the saturation of soil with water. Soil may … Read more

Six-Lane Bridge To Be Constructed Over River Ravi in Pakistan

The Executive Committee of the National Economic Council (ECNEC) approved a project worth Rs. 12 billion to construct a six-lane highway from Kala Shah Kaku to Lahore Ring Road. Finance Minister Ishaq Dar chaired the meeting of the Executive Committee of the National Economic Council (ECNEC) at the Prime Minister’s Office in Islamabad. “Construction of … Read more

Book on Construction Delays Extensions of Time and Prolongation Claims by Roger Gibson [PDF]

There are a number of excellent books on construction claims; and many other construction books that devote sections and chapters to construction claims. However, the majority of these works give very little guidance on the preparation of time-related delay claims, and even less guidance on the preparation of extension of time submissions. Throughout this book … Read more

What Is The Difference Between Lap Splice Development And Anchorage Length

Reinforced cement concrete is the widest used construction material in civil engineering whether it is that of dam, highway bridges, buildings or infrastructures. Reinforcement used along with concrete proves to be the best available material in terms of economy, strength and sustainability. Choice of reinforcement within a structural member is due to countless advantages and … Read more